《圣经》神话,犹太文化的原始质料

Myths in The Bible,Elemental Cultural Material

各个民族在其早期文化的产生中,总是产生了形形色色的神话。由于希伯来神话与其宗教要素难以剥离地结合在一起,使得希伯来神话呈现了诸多更为复杂的特性,但是另一方面,这也正为希伯来神话赋予了更多的"文化原初质料"。人类失去伊甸园的故事以神话的特殊方式表述了希伯来文化对人类生命的认知,这种神话认知方式虽以虚妄的形式出现,却又暗含和充塞了古代希伯来人关于人类生命本体的理性思考,揭示了人类生命的现实本质和内在规则。犹太文化借上帝将人类逐出伊甸的神话解释了人生的苦难和短暂,又借对上帝的皈依实现了对现世生命的延续和超越。

In the original cultural production of each ethnic group,various myths are developed.Inseparably mixed with religious components,the Hebrew myths are characterized by innumerable complexities.But on the other hand,myths have endowed Hebrew culture with more ＂elemental cultural material＂.The story that man lost the Garden of Eden demonstrates human knowledge of life in a specific Hebrew way,which takes the form of fabrication but is implied by and filled with rational thinking about human life itself by the ancient Hebrews,revealing the real truths and internal laws.The Jewish culture not only explains the hardships and brevity of human life through the myth that God drove man out of the Garden of Eden,and also it achieves continuity and transcendence of secular life by God＇s salvation.