展成式电化学机械光整加工圆柱齿轮的齿面质量与精度特性

Surface Quality and Accuracy Characteristics of Cylindrical Gears by Generative Electrochemical-mechanical Finishing

齿轮是机械制造业中的核心传动元件之一。在齿轮材料的力学性能类似条件下,优良的齿面质量和精度特性可显著提高齿轮使用性能和寿命。对齿轮进行精加工和光整加工是提高齿轮精度和齿面质量的主要手段。电化学机械光整加工(Electrochemical mechanical finishing,ECMF)具有很高的整平效率和整平能力,将电化学机械光整加工技术用于圆柱齿轮加工,对解决齿轮精度和齿面质量问题具有重要意义。提出齿轮ECMF的展成式实现方式,试验研究工艺参数对齿面粗糙度的影响规律,展成式电化学机械光整加工对齿轮齿形、齿间和齿向精度的影响规律。研究结果表明,圆柱齿轮展成式电化学机械光整加工可将齿面粗糙度Ra值从大于1.0μm降至小于0.1μm,与加工前指标相比,齿面形貌特性得到改善,齿间精度提高2级,齿形和齿向精度也得到提高。

Gears are the core transmission elements in machine for manufacturing.Under the same material properties,the excellent surface quality and accuracy characteristics will be in favor of improving the service characteristics and the service life of gear.It is the primarily means to adopt finishing and polishing to improve the surface quality and the accuracy of gear.Owing to the outstanding advantages of finishing efficiency and capability,electrochemical mechanical finishing（ECMF） is used to finish the gear to improve surface quality and accuracy quality of gears.The generative ECMF method is put forward,the influence of processing parameters on the surface roughness is studied and the influence of the generative method on the accuracy of gear tooth profile,in between teeth and tooth lead direction is studied experimentally.The results indicate that for cylindrical gears,the surface roughness Ra is reduced from more than 1.0 μm to less than 0.1 μm.After finishing,the dimensional accuracy between teeth can be enhanced 2 grades compared with the technical specifications before finishing,As well,the accuracy of gear tooth profile and tooth lead direction may be also improved.