大连地区1042例肾活检病例的临床病理分析

Analysis of 1042 cases renal biopsy in Dalian area

[目的]了解大连地区肾脏疾病的病理类型及其流行病学特点。[方法]对1999年3月～2009年12月大连地区1042例肾脏病患者的肾穿刺活检组织标本进行病理切片,分别进行不同染色,行光镜及免疫荧光病理观察。[结果]活检病例男女比例为1∶1.15,其中原发性肾小球肾炎(PGN)占80.6%,继发性肾小球肾炎(SGN)占17.8%,肾小管及间质性肾病占1.5%,遗传性肾病占0.1%。病理类型中IgA肾病(IgAN),系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(MsPGN),膜性肾病(MN)是最常见的PGN;狼疮性肾炎、乙肝病毒相关性肾炎和紫癜性肾炎是最常见的SGN。21～30岁年龄段所占比例最高,达25.8%,其次是31～40岁年龄段和41～50岁年龄段,所占比例分别为22.6%和18.1%。[结论]大连地区肾脏病病理类型中IgA肾病是最多见的类型;性别以女性为多;发病年龄以青壮年和中青年多见。

[ Objective I To analyze the renal pathological types in Dalian area. [ Methods ] One thousand and forty - two samples of renal biopsy were obtained in the hospitals of Dalian from 1999 to 2009. All samples were disposed regularly in pathological department, cut into slides and stained with several methods. The results were observed under the light micro- scope and the fluorescence microscope. [ Results] Among the 1042 patients, primary glomerular diseases （PGN） were of the most frequent type （ 80.6% ）, followed by secondary glomerular diseases （ SGN 17.8% ）, tubulointerstitial nephritis （ 1.5% ） and hereditary kidney disease （0.1%）. The male to female ratio was 1： 1.15. Patients aged 21 - 30 accounted tbr the highest percentage in renal diseases. Among PGN, IgA nephropathy（IgAN） was the most frequent pathology type, fol- lowed by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephrifis （MsPGN） and membranous nephropathy （MN）. Lupus nephritis （LN） was the most common form of SGN. [ Conclusion] IgAN is the most frequent pathology type in Dalian area. Female is more than male. The young adults and youth are more common.