2007年中国耕地资源安全评价

Evaluation for Cultivated Land Resources Security of China in 2007

本文从耕地资源的数量安全、质量安全和生态安全3个方面,选取14个指标评价和分析了2007年中国的耕地资源安全状况。本文的数据主要来源于国土资源部土地利用变更数据、农用地分等定级数据、第二次土壤普查耕数地据资和源统安计全数呈据现。出研东究部显高示、:西①2部00低7的年特,中点国,高耕耕地地资资源源安安全全评省价份分主值要为有0.东51部7,和资中源部安的全山保东障、福程建度、不浙高江。等1区0域个上省,份以及西部的新疆和西藏;低资源安全省份则大多分布在西部地区,包括陕西、内蒙古、甘肃、青海、宁夏等省份。特②耕点地。资生源态数退量耕安和全建评设价占分用值带为来0.的19耕5地,资快源速安减全少分,以布及呈区现域出粮东食北生部产较定高位,黄形土成高的原较、高华耕北地平保原有和量四目川标盆是地造较成低以的的全上地特的区点评耕。价地区分数域值量耕为0安.地1全7自1程然,呈度本现较底出低质东的量(北主耕要部地原高自因、然东。质部③量低耕等的地别特)质点是量。造安东成全部区评地域价区耕分耕地值地质为0资.量1源5安1生全,态呈差安现别全出的偏东主低部要的高原主、因东要。北原④部因耕和是地西化生部肥态较、低安农药、农膜的过量施用及其引起的土壤污染问题;西部地区耕地生态安全程度不高的主要原因是相对严重的耕地水土流失状况。

14 indexes about quantity security, quality security and ecological security were selected to evaluate the cultivated land resources security （CLRS） of China in 2007. The data were derived from the land use survey and the reports of agricultural land classification from the Ministry of Land and Resources of China, the Second National Soil Survey （1978） and National Bureau of Statistics of China. The results can be concluded as follows. （1） the CLRS of China is not high in 2007 with a score of only 0.517. Among the four regions, the evaluation value of CLRS is higher in eastern China but lower in western China. At provincial level, the scores of CLRS of Xinjiang and Tibet in Western China and 10 provinces of eastern China, such as Shandong, Fujian, Zhejiang, is higher than those of the others. Provinces with lower scores of CLRS are mostly distributed in Western China, including Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Ningxia. （2） The quantity security score of CLRS in China is 0.195, higher in Northeast China but lower in regions of Loess Plateau, North China Plain and Sichuan Basin. The quick loss of cultivated land caused by construction occupation and the policy for grainto-green and the high inventory of cultivated land in 2020 under the consideration of regional tasks for grain production are the main reasons resulting in the low quantity security score of CLRS in the three regions. （3） The quality security score of CLRS in China is 0.171, higher in Northeast China but lower in eastern China. Natural land quality is the key factor affecting regional quality security. （4） The ecological security score of CLRS in China is 0.171, higher in Northeast China but lower in eastern China. Eco-environmental problems caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizer, agricultural pesticide and agricultural film are the main reasons leading to lower ecological security in eastern China, but soil and water erosion is the key reason for western China.