基于熵权的山区公路自然环境影响多目标评价

MULTI-OBJECTIVE COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF HILLY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION BASED ON FUZZY ENTROPY

科学合理地进行公路建设自然环境影响评价是正确处理公路建设和自然环境保护之间关系、实施可持续发展的前提。分析了现行公路设计相关规范,提出了适用于公路设计方案比选需求的自然环境影响评价指标体系和评价方法。采用公路路线设计、桥梁设计、隧道设计、防护工程和临时工程5个方面共17个指标进行评价,并在规范和一定数据统计的基础上,给出了各个评价等级的标准。用层次分析法(AHP)确定子系统的权重,熵值法确定评价指标的权重,以求同时反映评价分级的主观性和实测数据的客观性。以常吉高速公路为实例,分析结果表明:该公路自然环境影响等级属于"良好"级偏"中";与实际情况相符,表明评价方法可行。

Evaluating highway construction environmental impact scientifically and rationally is the prerequisite for dealing with the relationship between highway constructing and ecological environment protection,and the sustainable development.In this paper,it analyses current highway technical specifications,and suggests an environmental impact evaluation index system and evaluation method for highway design scheme comparison.It chooses 5 items,route design,bridge design,tunnel design,protection engineering and temporary,and 17 indices to evaluate,and put forward each evaluation criterion based on specifications and statistical data.In order to reflect the subjectivity of classification and the objectivity of data,analytic hierarchy process（AHP） is applied to calculate the weight of the subsystem,and the entropy is for the weight of the indices.The result shows that the lever of this highway environment impact is close to medium grade,which is matched with the fact.It indicates that the evaluation method is feasible.