种植海拔高度和采制时期对黄山“松谷”毛峰茶功能成分含量的影响

Influence of Planting Altitude and Harvest Time on the Contents of Functional Components of Huangshan "Songgu" Maofeng Tea

分析不同种植海拔高度及采制时期对黄山"松谷"毛峰茶中茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多糖和硒含量的影响;采用相关国家标准对黄山"松谷"毛峰茶中相应功能成分进行含量测定;从种植海拔高度看,茶样中茶多酚、游离氨基酸含量、酚氨比值及硒含量随种植海拔高度的增加而增加,对于咖啡碱,高海拔茶样中的含量显著高于平地地区茶样,而不同海拔高度的茶样中茶多糖含量差异不显著;从采制时期看,茶样中茶多酚含量为5月最高,4月次之,6月最低;游离氨基酸含量4月最高,5月次之,6月最低;茶样酚氨比值6月最高,5月次之,4月最低;咖啡碱含量4月和5月基本相同,均高于6月;氨碱比值4月最高,5月次之,6月最低;茶多糖含量6月最高,5月次之,4月最低;硒含量4月最高,5月和6月基本一致。此研究结果表明种植海拔高度及采制时期对黄山毛峰茶中茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多糖和硒含量有交互性影响。

The influence of planting altitude and harvest time on contents of functional components of Huangshan Maofeng tea, such as tea polyphenols, free amino acids, caffeine, tea polysaecharide and selenium were analyed; The functional components of Huangshan Maofeng tea were determined using relevant national standards; The result showed that tea polyphenol contents, free amino acids contents, phenolic ammonia ratio and selenium contents increased with the increased of heights, while caffeine content of Huangshan Maofeng tea planted at high height was significantly higher than the flatlands＇s, but tea samples＇polysaccharide contents picked at different heights had no significant differences. Tea samples＇ polyphenol contents were the highest in may, followed by these in April, and June＇s was the lowest; tea samples＇ free amino acids contents were the highest in Aprilfollowed by May, June＇s was the lowest; tea samples＇ phenolic ammonia ratio was the highest in June, followed by May, April＇s was the lowest; tea samples＇ caffeine contents , April＇s was the same as May＇s, but both higher than June＇s; tea samples＇Ammonia alkali ratio, April＇s was the highest, May＇s was the second, June＇ s was the lowest; tea samples＇ polysaccharide contents were the highest in June, May＇s was the second, April＇s was the lowest; tea samples＇ selenium contents were the highest in April, May＇s was the same as June＇s. Heights and harvest periods had interactive influence on tea polyphenols, free amino acids, caffeine, tea polysaccharide and selenium contents of Huangshan Maofeng tea.