日光温室番茄不同生育期的蒸腾作用及模拟研究

Simulation of transpiration in different growth periods of tomato in solar greenhouse

采用盆栽称重法,用Penman-Monteith方程模拟了番茄生育期蒸腾速率的变化,以期为北方日光温室节水灌溉、环境调控提供理论基础。结果表明,番茄结果期日蒸腾量最大,苗期最小,结果期的需水量是开花期和苗期的14倍;苗期的蒸腾量在午后12:30时达到最大值为8g·h-1,开花期和结果期在上午11:30时达到峰值分别为11和45g·h-1。在午后12:30达到低谷值分别为3和20g·h-1;利用番茄叶面积指数的计算公式:y=0.194e0.018x,x为定植日期(0≤x≤160),模拟通风条件下的北方日光温室番茄的蒸腾速率,模拟值与实测值之间1︰1的相关决定系数R2为0.885,标准误SE为0.002g·m-2·s-1,模拟结果良好。

In order to improve the theory of water-saving irrigation and environment control in solar greenhouse in the north, changes in transpiration rate of tomato which were planted in the pots in growth period were simulated by Penman-Monteith equation. The results showed that the daily variation of transpiration of tomato fruiting was the maximum, tomato seedling is the minimum, the water demand in fruiting period is 14 times of the flowering and seedling period. The daily variation of transpiration rate of seedling period reached a maximum of 8 g.h~ at 12： 30. The daily variation of the maximum transpiration rate was 11 and 45 g.h1 at 11：30 and the minimum transpiration rate was 3 and 20 g.h^-1at 12：30 under the flowering and fruiting period, respectively. The transpiration rate of tomato in the greenhouse in north was simulated by leaf area index equation： y=0.194e0.001, x is planting date（0≤x≤160）. Between simulated and observed values of 1 ： 1, the correlation coefficient of determination R2 is 0.885, standard error is 0.002 a. m-2.s-1. the simulation results were aood.