陕西秦巴山区不同农田农作物硒含量变化规律分析

Analysis of Selenium concentrations in different crops and croplands in Qinba Mountain Areas Shaanxi Province

文章通过对陕西秦巴山区关口镇、长安镇、砖坪、蒲溪镇、冷水镇、甘溪、恒口镇、池河、曾家镇、双安等乡镇常规栽培条件下农作物的调查,并对秦巴山区土壤农田和不同农作物样品的硒含量进行了室内分析研究。结果表明,土壤硒含量变化为0.1347～14.419mg·kg-1,均值为1.97559mg·kg-1,恒口镇和池河镇一带的土壤都达到了富硒水平;曾加和双安镇一带土壤达到了高硒水平;不同农作物中硒含量有较大差异,含量范围为0.0248～10.34mg·kg-1,平均含量为0.593mg·kg-1,主要农作物如粮油、薯类和蔬菜等,大都达到了富硒等级。主要农作物类型中富硒能力变化特征是:大白菜>油菜>白萝卜>玉米>马铃薯>甘薯>水稻;以各作物所属科类别的富硒能力大小比较分析,由高到低大致为:十字花科>茄科>禾本科>旋花科。白菜类蔬菜、油菜与白萝卜对硒的吸收积累能力较强,同一地点不同作物及同一作物不同地点硒含量及富硒能力也存在一定差异。

The paper was conducted to investigate the Selenium concentration in different crops and soil samples from Guankou Town, Chang＇an Town, Zhuanping Town, Puxi Town, Leng- shui Town, Ganxi Town, Hengkou Town, Chihe Town, Zengjia Town and Shuang＇an Town Qinba Mountain Areas crops investigated and well-being of city in Shaanxi Province under conventional cultivation. The results showed that soil Selenium concentrations of soil were between 0.1347 and 14.419 mg. kg1, with a mean concentration of 1.97559 mg. kg1. Selenium concentration of soil samples from Hengkou Town and Chihe Town reached a higher level. Selenium concentration of soil samples from Zengjia Town and Shuang＇an Town reached a highest level. Selenium concentra- tions in different crops have a great difference, ranged from 0.0248 to 10.34 mg.kg1, with an aver- age concentration of 0.593 mg. kg＇. Selenium concentrations in the majority number of the major crops such as grain, potatoes and vegetables reached the highest levels. The capacity of Selenium accumulation for the main crops were： Chinese cabbage〉rape〉radish〉maize〉potato〉sweet〉rice; The capacity of Selenium accumulation for family the main crops belonged to were： Cruciferae〉 Solanaceae〉Poaceae〉Convolvulaceae. Chinese cabbage, rape and turnip had the better ability for Selenium accumulation. The capacity of Selenium accumulation for different crops in the same place or the same crop in different places were different.