卫生应急管理人员培训方式的需求分析

A needs assessment on methods of health emergency managers training

目的为探索"模块化培训"在卫生应急管理人员培训中的应用,调查卫生应急管理人员对培训时间、目标、教学方法、培训形式、师资、考核与结业等方面的需求情况。方法采用非随机抽样的方法,对来自全国20个省级单位的省、地市、县级卫生应急管理人员1 606人进行问卷调查。结果培训目标中选择提高卫生应急能力的比例最高(96.2%);教学方法中案例分析、桌面推演、专题讲座的需求率较高,分别为94.0%、94.0%、84.8%;培训形式中短期集中培训的需求率最高(92.7%);师资方面,国内专家和卫生应急管理干部的需求率较高,分别为90.0%和83.1%;86.5%的调查者选择模拟问题处理作为考核方式;77.0%选择颁发证书作为结业方式。部分培训需求在不同单位级别间的差异有统计学意义。结论培训应以提高卫生应急能力为目标;综合多种教学方法,采取短期集中培训;选择工作经验丰富并具备一定理论基础的国内专家和管理者作为师资;采用模拟问题处理进行考核,以颁发证书作为结业认证,并应根据不同单位级别间的需求差异选择适当的培训形式。

Objective To explore the application of ＂Modules of employment skills＂ in health emergency managers training,we surveyed the needs of health emergency managers about training time,objective,teaching method,training form,trainer,assessment,and so on.Methods 1 606 health emergency managers in 20 provinces of China were investigated by non-random sampling.Results The demand rate of improving health emergency response capacity was 96.2%,which was the highest in training objective;the rate of case analysis,desktop deductive and special lecture were higher than other training methods,which were 94.0%,94.0% and 84.8% respectively;the rate of short-term training was the highest with 92.7%;for the trainer,demand rate of domestic experts was 90.0%,followed by health emergency management with 83.1%;86.5% of study objects selected simulation exercise as the assessment way;77.0% of study objects chose awarding a certificate as the way of completing training,and there were significant differences in some of the demand rates among different levels.Conclusions The training should aim to promote health emergency capacity,adopt multiple teaching methods,use short-term training form,choose who not only has rich emergency experiences,but also has some theoretical basis as trainer,assess trainee by simulation exercise,and award a certificate for finishing the study,and according to different levels we should take different training methods.