新疆中职护生心理健康状况及与人格的相关关系

Correlation of mental health and personality of secondary nursing students in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆中职护生的心理健康状况，为中职护生心理健康干预提供针对性依据。方法随机抽取新疆某中职卫生学校护理专业309名学生作为调查对象，运用一般情况调查表、症状自评量表（SCL-90）及艾森克人格问卷进行测试。结果新疆中职护生症状自评量表（SCL-90）阳性检出率中强迫症状最高，占72．5％；新疆中职护生的SCL-90量表总均分为（2．08±0．56）分，高于全国常模（1．75±0．67），差异有统计学意义（t=10．25，P〈0．01），各因子得分也均高于全国常模（P〈0．01）。女生抑郁评分为（2．13±0．73）分、焦虑（2．08±0．72）分，恐怖（1．93±0．74）分，均高于男生（1．604-0．33），（1．66±0．52），（1．42±0．37）分，差异有统计学意义（t=-5．54，-2．12，-4．68；P〈0．05）。维族护生在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性上的得分均高于汉族和回族护生，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），SCL-90的各维度与人格量表中精神质和神经质呈正相关（P〈0．05），与掩饰性呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论新疆中职护生心理健康状况整体较差，亟须开展具有针对性的心理干预，加强新疆中职女护生和民族护生的心理健康教育工作。

Objective To know the mental health of secondary nursing students in Xinjiang and provide evidence for the psychological intervention. Methods 309 secondary nursing students in one health school were investigated with the general questionnaire, SCL-90 and EPQ. Results Compulsive symptoms rate in SCL-90 was highest, and accounted for 72.5%. Average score in SCL-90 was （2.08±0.56）, and higher than national norm （ 1.75±0.67 ） （ t = 10. 25, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Every factor score of SCL-90 about the secondary nurses was higher than the national norm, and had statistical difference （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The girls, scores of depression （ 2.13±0.73）, anxiety （2.08±0.72） and terrorist （ 1.93±0.74） were higher than boys [ （ 1.60±0.33 ）, （1.66±0.52）,（1.42±0.37）], and the difference was significant （t= -5.54, -2. 12, -4.68;P〈 0. 05）. The Uygur secondary nursing students, scores of somatization, coercion, depression anxiety and psychosis were higher and they have statistical differences（P 〈 0. 05 ）. There is a direct correlation between all dimensions of SCL-90 and nervousness and psyehoticism of EPQ （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and were negative correlation with dissimulation （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The mental health status of Xinjiang secondary nursing students are bad, so these students need to be paid more attention to their mental health, especially female nursing students and minority nationality nursing students.