拉丁镜像 另一个美洲关于现代性、自然和城市的四则建筑学反思

Latin Mirrors Four Architectural Reflections on Modernity,Nature and the City in the Other America

景观、建筑与城市化的关系在拉丁美洲的历史中扮演了重要的角色。自然资源丰富、气候多样并且文化复杂的拉美次大陆过去是、现在也是在现代化过程中这一领域所发生的最引人注目的国际经验的实验室。这篇文章将介绍一组小而经典的相关项目——一些代表着这类替代解决方案的新的城市聚居地。在选择这些案例时包含了不同的国家、基地、规模和设计哲学。然而,虽然有着这些共同的特点,这些案例却并不是在回应同一种独特形式的问题,不像在"田园城市"的这个概念下的一些分支那样。因此,它们应该被解读为对"田园城市"这一概念的诠释。这些案例是:①乌拉圭鲸角的海景之屋旅馆夏季度假村;②墨西哥城圣安赫尔的埃尔佩德雷加园区;③巴西里约热内卢的埃尔佩德雷古洛周边社区;④智利里托克的开放城市。

The relation between landscape, architecture and urbanism plays a central role in the history of Latin America.With its immense natural resources and with its diversity of climate and variety of sophisticated cultures,the subcontinent was and is a laboratory for some of the most remarkable international experiences in this field through out the process of modernization.This article will present a small but classic and relevant group of new urban settlements that represent these multiple alternatives. The cases were chosen to include different countries, sites,scales,and design philosophies.Nevertheless, sharing these common features,the examples do not respond to a unique form of the program,as it could in the case of garden cities.For this reason they should be read as interpretations of this idea.The cases are：1） the summer resort La Solana del Mar in Punta Ballena, Uruguay,by Antonio Bonet;2） the gardens of EI Peregal de San Angel in Mexico City by Luis Barragan; the neighborhood of EI Pedregulho in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,by Affonso Reidy;and the Ciudad Abierta in Ritoque,Chile,by the School of Valparaiso.