出生体重与儿童期超重肥胖的关系

Relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood

【目的】探讨出生体重与儿童期超重肥胖的关系,为预防和减少儿童肥胖的发生提供科学依据。【方法】采用历史性队列研究方法,随机抽取无锡地区1 435对巨大儿和正常出生体重儿作为研究对象,通过问卷调查和体格检查随访收集所有研究对象与肥胖相关的资料,分析出生体重与儿童期超重肥胖的关系。【结果】巨大儿中超重和肥胖检出率分别为13.10%和2.86%,正常儿中超重和肥胖检出率分别为9.69%和1.61%;巨大儿超重和肥胖检出率高于正常儿(P<0.01);巨大儿与正常儿相比,发生超重和肥胖的RR值分别为1.35和1.78,AR值分别为3.41%和1.26%。经趋势χ2检验发现,随着出生体重的增加,超重和肥胖率均增加(P<0.01),发生超重和肥胖的RR值和AR值也随之增加;经多元线性回归分析表明,出生体重、性别、父亲和母亲的BMI以及喜欢吃油炸食品可能为儿童期BMI的影响因素。【结论】出生体重与儿童期肥胖有关,预防肥胖应从胎儿期开始。

[Objective] To provide scientific reference for children obesity prevention and control, the relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood was explored. [Methods] A historical cohort study was carried out by using questionnaire and physical examination. Subjects were randomly selected from a birth cohort including 1435 couples of high and normal birth weight babies in Wuxi. The relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood was analyzed by collecting the information associated with obesity. [Results] The incidences of overweight and obesity were 13.10% and 2.86% in high birth weight babies and those in normal birth weight babies were 9.69% and 1.61%. The incidence of overweight and obesity of high birth weight babies was much higher than that of normal birth weight babies（P 〈0.01）. Compared with normal birth weight babies, the relative risks of overweight and obesity among high birth weight babies were 1.35 and 1.78 respeetively. The attributable risks of those were 3.41% and 1.26% respectively. The trend x2 test indicated the incidences of overweight and obesity increased with increasing birth weight （P〈0. 01）, the RR and AR of overweight and obesity also increased. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated birth weight, gender, BMI of father and mother, preference for eat fried foods might be risk factors of BMI in childhood. [Conclusion] Children obesity could be af- fected by high birth weight and the obesity prevention should begin from prenatal period.