儿童青少年超重、肥胖现状及影响因素的研究

Epidemiologic status and influencing factors of obesity in children and adolescents

【目的】了解南宁地区7～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖的流行现状及影响因素,为进一步研究肥胖的发病机制及制订有效的防治措施提供科学依据。【方法】按照分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取南宁地区5 658个7～18岁儿童青少年,测量其身高、体重,以《中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准》作为判断标准,并对检出的超重、肥胖儿童青少年进行影响因素调查及多元逐步回归分析。【结果】南宁地区7～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖检出率分别为10.12%、8.48%;男童超重、肥胖检出率明显高于女童(P<0.01);各年龄组间超重及肥胖检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从回归系数的数据表明,对超重、肥胖性质影响最大的变量,从大到小依次是父母肥胖史、看电视(玩电子游戏)时间、户外运动时间、吃油腻食物及甜食、进食速度、出生时体重、婴儿4个月内喂养方式。【结论】南宁地区7～18岁儿童青少年超重及肥胖发生率接近全国平均水平,遗传、饮食行为和运动是儿童青少年肥胖的主要影响因素。

[Objective] To study the epidemiologic prevalence status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity children and adolescents aged 7- 18 years in Nanning, aimed at providing a scientific basis for further study of the patho genesis of obesity and the development of effective control measures. [Methodsl A stratified random sampling method was used for collecting 5 658 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Nanning. The sample data of height and weight were measured and collected. The sample was screened based on the diagnostic criteria of ＂Body mass index reference norm for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents＂. The overweight and obesity children and adolescents were diagnosed and inspected the influencing factors using multiple stepwise regression analysis. [Resultsl The detection rate of overweight children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 was 10. 12%. Obesity rate was 8. 48% in Nanning . The overweight and obesity prevalence in boys was significantly higher than that in girls （P〈0.01） ; the rates of each age group of overweight and obesity were significantly different （P〈0.05）. The data from the standard regression coefficient showed the most influential variable to the least influential variable on overweight and obesity： the history of obese parents, watching television （video games） time, outdoor exercise time, eating greasy food and sweets, speed of eating,birth weight, and infant 4 months feeding. [Conclusionl The incidence levels of overweight and obesity children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Nanning area are close to the national average. The major influencing factors on obesity children and adolescents inelude heredity, dietary custom and exercise.