大规模教育测验似真值量表化评述

The Scaling Procedure in the Large Scale Educational Assessment

量表化是测验开发中的重要技术环节,是利用统计方法建立测验原始分和量表分之间关系的过程,包含传统方法、似真值方法。本文将首先介绍量表化的基本概念,然后结合理论介绍国外一些大规模教育测验项目的测验工具设计特征,及其量表化过程中的方法,尤其是似真值方法,以期为我国大规模教育测验的量表化提供理论指导和实践建议。

Scaling is a statistical process of building relationship between raw scores and scale scores,so that scores on the alternative forms can be used interchangeably and scores in different years have the same meaning. As an important test technique of calculating population ability,plausible value is used frequently in scaling process in recent large scale assessments.In this article,first the basic concepts on scaling are introduced,then reviews the test form designs and the plausible value method.It is expected that the reviews provide some suggestions both theoretically and practically for the assessment practice in China.