规模自动化技术在煤层气田开发中的应用——以沁水盆地南部樊庄区块为例

Application of scale automation systems to development of CBM gas fields:A case study of the Fanzhuang Block in the southern Qinshui Basin

沁水盆地南部煤层气田具有复杂山地地貌、低压生产和低成本开发等特点,在生产中存在数据获取、设备控制和安全保障等一系列问题。为此,①通过自主研发井场无线采集技术,在国内煤层气生产中率先实现了全井场生产数据的无线采集、传输,实现了橇装施工和快速链接,解决了山区复杂地貌生产数据采集及传输的布线难题,减少了现场维护工作量;②打破煤层气田生产与监控管理站点间的地域界限,应用基于ArchestrA Framework架构的网络化监控技术进行二次开发,通过模板化开发、网络化实施、多用户协作、集中化存储,实现了煤层气自动化系统"两级三地"的远程部署、分布式监控模式;③按照"缓慢、长期、持续、稳定"的抽排基本原则,建立起了煤层气智能排采控制模型,以排采过程中液面高度、液面下降速度、井底流压、套压等为主要控制参数,采用智能排采技术,实现了排采设备的生产参数自动调整,改变了煤层气井固定的生产制度,降低了对煤层的伤害。运用以上技术,建成了管理控制521口排采井、6座集气站和1座处理中心的自动化系统,达到了平稳运行、安全生产、降低劳动强度、提高生产管理水平、实现规模效益的目的。

The first large-scale and digitalized coalbed methane(CBM)gas field in the Qinshui Basin was successfully developed by the PetroChina North China Oilfield Company.However,due to this field's special characteristics like the complex mountainous topography,low-pressure production,and low-cost development,problems arise in data acquisition,equipment control,and safety guarantee in real production.Therefore,this paper focuses on a series of automation technologies adaptable for the mountainous areas and successfully applied in the development of this CBM gas field.First,with the help of the wireless data acquisition and remote monitoring&control,the production data of all the wells in this field can be aggregated and transmitted without cables or wires,which helps realize skid-mounted operation and rapid link and solve the problems in laying lines in such mountainous areas,thereby to reduce maintenance work on field.Second,to meet different needs for monitoring at scattering production wells and monitoring stations,the network monitoring software has been secondarily developed based on the ArchestrA Framework.Through the development and implementation of network template,multi-user management,centralized storage,the scale automation systems for this CBM field can achieve the remote deployment and distributed monitoring.Third,the intelligent technologies have been adopted for CBM drainage and production in this field.According to the basic principles of being slow,long-term,sustainable,and stable in CBM drainage and production,an intelligent modeling approach has been developed with the liquid surface height,liquid surface descending speed,bottomhole flowing pressure,and casing pressure,etc.,as the main controlling parameters.Thus,the working data and parameters can be adjusted automatically,the previous fixed production system can be altered,and the damage to reservoirs can be reduced.With all of the above technologies,an automation system is set up in this CBM field with 521wells,6gas gatheringstations and a CBM processing center under control and management,achieving good results in smooth operation,safe production,labor intensity reduction,a higher production management level,and high profits.