论哈贝马斯的世界市民社会理论

On Habermas’s Theory of Global Civil Society

20世纪90年代以来,世界市民社会理论是哈贝马斯普遍性政治哲学之创构的焦点。哈贝马斯界定和讲述"世界市民社会",虽然在一定程度上与他界定和讲述"市民社会"的方式相重合,但由于涉及不同的语境和问题,这两个概念在外延和内涵上存在诸多殊异。具体地说,在世界市民社会的理论框架中,哈贝马斯主要凸显的是全球化语境下民族国家及其同时链接到的主权、人权等问题,是要求在"世界公民"的视野中进行"全球治理",这在某种意义上是对"全球化削弱民族国家权力从而使民族国家步步走向消亡"之论断的一种辩护,这些内容在他之前讲述"市民社会"时未曾论及。世界市民社会理论即便有一定范围内的经验作为支撑与验证,在涉及"民族主权"、"人权"等政治和意识形态的问题时,它却经不起"精察洞问"的考量与推敲,因而必须受到质询。

The theory of global civil society is the focus of universal political philosophy of Habermas since 1990s. Although the way of definition of ＂global civil society＂ is the same as that of definition of ＂civil society＂ to a certain extent, these two concepts are different from each other because they concern different contexts and issues. Specifically, Habermas highlights the issues of national country, sovereignty and rights of man, which is connected to the ＂global administration＂ in the view of cosmopolite. To some degree, Habermas defends the arguement that globalization weakens the power of nation and makes the national country going to death. Even though the theory of global civil society is supported by some facts, it is controversial in the political and ideological issues related to power of nation and rights of