重引入普氏野马、蒙古野驴和鹅喉羚的秋季营养生态位

Trophic Niche Width and Overlap of Equus przewalskii, E. hemionusand Gazella subgutturosain Autumn

2009年秋季在新疆卡拉麦里山自然保护区乔木西拜,系统采集了重引入普氏野马(Equus przewalskii)、蒙古野驴(E.hemionus)和鹅喉羚(Gazella subgutturosa)的新鲜粪便,运用粪便显微分析法研究三者的秋季食性及其食物生态位。结果显示:普氏野马、鹅喉羚和蒙古野驴采食的植物种类基本相似,但在食谱中所占的比例各不相同,针茅属植物是3个物种的主要采食种类,在食谱中所占比例分别为43.63%,49.00%和44.65%。普氏野马、鹅喉羚和蒙古野驴的营养生态位宽度分别为0.634,0.619和0.539。普氏野马和鹅喉羚,普氏野马和蒙古野驴,鹅喉羚和蒙古野驴的营养生态位重叠值分别为0.980,0.986和0.962,3个物种间的营养生态位重叠度为0.477,三者之间存在很高的食物资源利用的相似性。

In this study,the fresh excrements of Equus przewalskii,E.hemionus and Gazella subgutturosa were systematically collected from the Qiaomuxibai of Karamori Natue Reserve in Xinjiang in autumn 2009.Fecal microscopic means were used to analyze the habitats of the abovementioned three species and their food niche.The results show that the 3 species have similar diet in terms of types,but different in terms of proportion,where Stipa spp.are the main food sources of these species,and their diet percentages are 43.63%,49% and 44.65% respectively.The nutritional niche breadths of E.przewalskii,E.hemionus and G.subgutturosa are 0.634,0.619 and 0.539 respectively.The nutritional niche overlap values of E.przewalskii and E.hemionus,E.przewalskii and G.subgutturosa,E.hemionus and G.subgutturosa are 0.98,0.986 and 0.962 respectively,and the extent of nutritional niche overlap between the three species is 0.477.The three species are very similar in terms of consuming food resources.