冬枣采后病害生物防治用拮抗酵母菌的筛选

Screening of Antagonistic Yeasts for Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Winter Jujubes

从冬枣、冬枣叶片表面及冬枣伤口处分离到412株酵母菌,通过平板对峙法和活体筛选法筛选到1株酵母菌(菌株编号J),鉴定为美极梅奇酵母菌,该酵母菌在冬枣表面有很强的定殖能力,对冬枣采后贮藏中的主要致病菌(链格孢菌和橘青霉)表现出明显的拮抗效果,并能降低冬枣贮藏过程中的自然腐烂率,保持良好的贮藏品质。因此,美极梅奇酵母菌适合作为冬枣采后病害的生物防治用菌种资源。

412 strains of yeasts which isolated from Winter Jujubes,the surfaces of Winter Jujube leaves and wound of Winter Jujubes were screened for antagonistic activity against Penicillium citrinum and Alternaria alternate.One yeast strain（number J） screened through the antagonistic test and in vivo method,was identified as Metschnikowia pulcherrima,this yeast was very effective against two pathogens.The colonization ability of it in the surfaces of Winter jujube was strong,it could significantly inhibit fruit natural decay incidence under cold storage conditions,kept the storage quality well.Thus,the Metschnikowia pulcherrima was the optimum antagonistic yeast as microbial resource for biological control of postharvest diseases of Winter Jujubes.