中国储蓄率远高于其他国家之原因探析——基于权力(资源)结构和地方政府竞争的视角

Reasons for Why China's Savings Rate is So Far Higher than Other Countries——Perspective Based on the Power(Resources)Structure and Competition between Local Governments

1990年代以来,中国的储蓄率呈不断上升之势,其中,居民储率平稳增长,政府和企业储蓄上升明显。储蓄率的上升给中国经济造成了诸多负面影响。现有理论认为,社会保障制度不健全、金融发展水平滞后、性别比例失衡、政府和企业收入增加、房价快速上涨等因素导致了中国储蓄率的畸高和上升。而本文认为,其根源在于中国的权力(资源)结构失衡和地方政府之间为GDP而展开的竞争,因为以GDP最大化为目标的地方政府竞争会导致资源配置和收入分配中"重资本、轻劳动"、"重城市、轻农村"、"重投资、轻民生"、"重国企、轻民资"等问题,并且权力结构失衡会导致这些问题进一步恶化。

since 1990,China＇s savings rate is rising,among which,the residents＇ saving rate is growing steadily,while the saving rate of government and enterprises are rising obviously.The rising of saving rate caused many negative impacts for China＇s economy.Current theories think： the imperfect of social security system,the lag development of financial,the imbalance of sex ratio,the increase of government and enterprise income,the quick rising of house prices led to China＇s excessively high and rising of saving.This paper argues that the real reason is the imbalances of China＇s power（resources） structure and the GDP competition between local governments.This is because： under the competition for maximizing GDP between local governments,there would be： ＂attach importance to capital,look down on labor＂,＂attach importance to city,look down on countryside＂,＂attach importance to investment,look down on the livelihood of the people＂,＂attach importance to state-owned enterprises,l look down on private enterprises＂ and so on problems in the resource allocation and income distribution,what＇s more,under the imbalances of power structural,these problems would get worse and wider digestion.