基于无源性与自适应降阶观测器的双馈风力发电机控制

Doubly-fed Induction Generator Control for Wind Power Based on Passivity and Adaptively Reduced Order Observer

提出一种基于无源性与自适应降阶观测器的双馈风力发电机非线性控制方法。建立了双馈感应电机(doubly-fed induction generator,DFIG)的欧拉方程,将其分解为电气和机械2个无源子系统的反馈并联,在设计控制器时只需考虑电气子系统,简化了控制算法。采用非线性分析方法建立电流误差方程,设计了DFIG的转矩与转速控制器,推导出转子电压控制量。基于模型参考技术设计自适应降阶观测器辨识电机转速,并给出了速度辨识律,观测器的增益通过极点配置得到。仿真结果表明,所提出的无源性控制和自适应降阶观测器具有良好的动、静态性能;无源性控制能够实现定子侧有功、无功功率的独立调节;与传统矢量控制相比,无源性控制简化了控制算法,对电机参数及负载扰动具有很好的鲁棒性。

A nonlinear control scheme was proposed for doubly-fed wind power generation based on passivity and adaptively reduced order observer. The model of doubly-fed induction generator （DFIG） by Euler equation was established, and the system was decomposed into two feedback interconnected passive subsystems, an electrical subsystem and a mechanical subsystem. The electrical subsystem was the unique one to be considered in design process of the controller, thus, simplifying the control algorithm. The error equation of current was obtained through the nonlinear analysis. The torque and speed controller of DFIG was then designed, and the required reference rotor voltages were deduced. Based on the model reference adaptive approach, an adaptively reduced order observer was designed for the estimation of the motor speed, and speed identification law was proposed, the gain matrix of the observer was obtained by pole-placement technique. Simulation results show that the proposed passivity-based control and adaptively reduced order observer has a good dynamic and static performance; Passivity-based control can realize independent modulation of the stator active and reactive power; Meanwhile, passivity-based control simplifies control algorithm and has good robustness for the motor parameters and load disturbances compared with the traditional vector contrnl