基于规制理论的食盐专营制度改革探讨

Food Salt Monopoly Reform in Regulation Theory

我国对食盐实行专营制度,这一制度在消除我国碘缺乏病、提高国民素质方面起到了重要作用,但因专营产生的弊端也逐渐显露。目前,由于应对碘缺乏病症的需要已经得到了满足,并且随着市场化进程的逐步深入,对盐业管理也提出了更高的要求,因此,食盐专营制度需要加以改革直至取消。由于我国地域辽阔,地区间经济发展不平衡,居民的消费能力、消费观念千差万别,所以,食盐专营制度改革不能在全国范围内实行单一的政策,而应该按照经济状况,在西部老少边穷地区采取特殊政策,核心是实行碘盐免费供给,东部经济发达地区和中部经济状况较发达地区则实行统一的改革政策。

Salt monopoly carried out in our country plays an important role in the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) and the improvement of civil qualities,but its weaknesses come to emerge.At present,salt industry management is required in higher demands with the alleviation of IDD and further progress of marketization,so salt monopoly needs to reform until it is abolished.Our vast terrene,unbalanced economy among regions,varied consumption ability and various consumption value,all these decide that single policy of salt monopoly reform cannot be put into practice in the whole country.According to economic conditions,western undeveloped areas adopt special policies at the core of iodine-salt free supply;while eastern developed areas and middle comparatively developed areas conduct unified reform policy.