工程项目管理中应对不确定性的机制研究

The mechanism to cope with the uncertainty in project management

通过对现有主流工程项目管理模式的评述,基于项目参与方关系构建的视角,提出工程项目管理中不确定性应对的两种机制:契约机制和关系机制。通过对工程项目管理不确定性来源的探析,并结合和谐管理理论应对不确定性的机理,指出不确定性的应对机制可以依据不确定性的来源类别进行匹配,其中契约机制适合应对与物相关的不确定性;关系机制适合应对与人相关的不确定性,而对于交织了人与物的不确定性则需要围绕工程项目的核心任务,通过两种机制的互补来解决。最后,给出了工程项目管理应对不确定性的分析框架以及未来的研究方向。

By reviewing the primary project management modes, two mechanisms, that is, formal mechanism and relational mechanism, that to cope with the uncertainty in project management from a relationship - building perspective are identified. Furthermore, by exploring the sources of the uncertainty in project management on the basis of principals of HEXIE （harmonious） management theory to cope with uncertainty, it is found that the optimal configuration of formal and relational mechanisms de- pends on the types of uncertainty involved in project management; formal mechanism is best suited to object - based uncertainty, and relational governance is best suited to human - based uncertainty, while the complement between the two mechanisms is sui- ted to the mixture of both object and human - based uncertainty according to the critical task of the project. Finally, an analytical framework to cope with the uncertainty is developed and future research directions are discussed.