科举制与国家公务员制度比较

A Comparison of Two Employment Examination System of Public Servants and Ancient Officials

作为一古一今,一中一西两种文官制度,科举制和国家公务员制度在"考试录用"及"文官治国"方面有着天然的联系。除此之外,两种制度的设计本身都是相对独立的。因此,将比较的依据放在了"考试录用制",以及产生背景、政治文化影响等"制度外"因素上。同时,中国目前的国家公务员制度与唐朝科举制在某些方面有一些相似,对此作以比较之后,本文对明清时期科举制走向变态畸形的原因作简要分析,并据此提出对中国的国家公务员制度建设的启迪和建议。

As two different civil systems of ancient China and modem West, there are common features of ＂employment through examination＂ and ＂scholar administration＂ in the system of ancient officials and the system of public servants. The essay makes a comparison between ＂the employment systems through examination＂ and studies the background, politics and culture of two systems. The essay also makes a brief analysis of the anomalous system of the official employment examination during the Ming and the Qing dynasties, and offers some suggestions and enlightenment to the development of public servants examination in China.