从认知心理学角度探析中医辨证过程

Discussion of Syndrome Differentiation of TCM from Perspective of Cognitive Psychology

从认知心理学信息加工论的角度对中医辨证的认知理论基础、认知模式以及影响中医辨证过程的心理因素进行了初步探讨。中医辨证过程实际上是医生有意识地运用中医药理论知识和临床经验,对患者所表现的症状信息进行一系列连续加工的认知心理过程。问题解决理论和模式识别原型理论的相关观点对认识、理解中医辨证的思维过程和认知模式有一定的启示作用。医生作为辨证的主体,其专业的中医药理论结构、独特的临床经验、灵感与顿悟思维、性格特征以及情绪、动机等心理因素对中医辨证过程有着十分重要的影响,客观上反映了中医辨证过程存在着主体差异性、模式多样性、灵活性的认知特点。

This article discussed the cognitive theory,cognitive model and psychological influenced factors in syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） from the perspective of Cognitive Information Processing.Syndrome differentiation is a series continuous cognitive processing of the doctor consciously uses Chinese theoretical knowledge and clinical experience when faced with patients＇ symptoms.Problem Solving Theory and Prototype Theory of Pattern Recognition in Cognitive Psychology have inspiration to understand the essence of syndrome differentiation.As subject of syndrome differentiation,doctors＇ professional theoretical structure,unique clinical experience,inspiration and insight thinking,character and emotion,motivation and other psychological factors have very important influence on differentiation processing.It objectively reflects that the differentiation processing has cognitive characteristics of individual differences,pattern diversity and flexibility.