不同土体构型的土壤肥力评价及与容重关系分析

Evaluation of Soil Fertility and Its Relationship with Soil Bulk Density in Different Soil Profile Texture Patterns

以河南省潮土区延津等10个砂质中低产田主要分布县为例,利用主成分分析、模糊数学方法并借助GIS软件得出该区土壤肥力综合评价图。结果表明,综合评价指数为0.10～0.68,整体水平偏低,土壤呈现偏碱性状态,速效磷和全钾含量较高,全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效钾、有机质及CEC含量偏低。对不同土体构型间土壤肥力指标进行显著性分析,结果表明除了速效磷和pH外,其他指标在不同土体构型间均表现出显著的差异性(P<0.05)。通过雷达图表达出不同土体构型和总体上土壤肥力水平差异,即上壤下粘型>通体壤>总体>上壤下砂、通体砂型。分析出在代表性剖面0～20 cm和20～40 cm两个土层中土壤容重平均值在1.36～1.51 g cm-3之间,表明土壤偏紧实是该区土壤肥力的一个制约因素。

It was investigated as a study case that 10 counties like Yanjin where mainly occupied with the sandy middle-and-low-yielding fields in the alluvial soil area in Henan Province.The comprehensive evaluation map of soil fertility was draw using the principal component analysis and fuzzy mathematics as well as GIS.The result showed that the integrated fertility index was 0.10-0.68,and its overall fertility was relatively low.The soil was meta-alkalescence.The available P and total K contents were relatively high,and total N,total P,available N,available K,organic matter and cation exchange capacity were relatively low.The variance analysis of soil fertility between different soil profile texture patterns showed all parameters were significantly different except for available P and pH（P0.05）.The radar chart showed the trend of soil fertility was loam-clay loam-loam loam-sandy sandy-sandy along the soil profile texture patterns.The distribution character of soil bulk density in profile samplings was analyzed and the result showed that the means were between 0.36-0.51 g cm-3.The above result showed that soil compaction was one of limiting factors for soil fertility of this area.