生育性别偏好行为的双向选择——来自陕西省神木县的调查发现

Opposite Choices of Gender Preference in Fertility Behavior:Findings from Investigation in Shenmu County

本研究根据神木县经济、社会发展以及政策调整,结合群众的生育观念调查和访谈,以出生人口性别比变动趋势分析生育性别偏好的发展和变化。研究发现,在经济、社会发展以及政策调整进程中,存在生育性别偏好的双向选择:一方面,男孩功能随着经济与社会发展出现减弱,促进了不再追求生育儿子的生育性别偏好正向选择;另一方面,在男孩偏好文化顽固的地区,经济社会发展与政策调整刺激了男孩偏好,加剧了偏好儿子的生育性别偏好逆向选择。研究有利于明确经济、社会以及政策对于生育性别偏好的影响,从而为进一步制定有效的性别失衡治理政策提供依据。

In this research,gender preference in fertility behavior is analyzed based on the change of sex ratio at birth corresponding with economic development,social development and public policy adjustment.There are indeed opposite choices of Gender preference in fertility behavior.On one hand,economy,social development and public policy adjustment can weaken son effects in family life,which will lead people to positive choice of Gender preference in fertility behavior without son-preference;on the other hand,these same factors will also aggravate son-preference in some long traditional gender discrimination regions,result of which will lead people to negative choice of gender preference in fertility behavior with much more son-preference.The conclusions from this research can helpful for clarifying economic,social and public policy impacts to gender preference and supplying effective strategies about governance of high sex ratio at birth.