中国高校分类标准及对“985工程”大学的分类尝试

An Attempt to Classify the Universities in the "985 Project" by Creating Classifying Criteria for Chinese Colleges and Universities

从5个分类维度构建我国普通高校分类标准及指标体系,并对我国"985工程"二期重点建设大学进行分类尝试。结果表明,通过实施"985工程",我国已建立了一批以学科类、综合性、研究型为主要类型的国内一流大学和高水平大学,为建设世界一流大学和世界知名高水平研究型大学奠定了坚实基础,但也存在生师比和本研比偏高、定位失当、重点不明、盲目求大求全等问题。

The present article constructs the classifying criteria and the index system for institutions of higher learning from five dimensions and makes an attempt to classify the universities in the ＂985 Project＂ which are to be given special support in their construction in the second developmental period. The result shows that the ＂985 Project＂ has helped to create a batch of domestic high quality universities mainly characterized as disciplinary, comprehensive, and research-oriented, which have become the basis of the making of the world firstclass research university. Nevertheless, it can not be ignored that there are a few problems, such as the improper student-faculty ratio and the undergraduate-postgraduate ratio, inappropriate orientation, unclear identification of key issues and blind pursuit of a big, comprehensive school.