高等学校民族预科教育政策的价值选择与实现——基于中央民族大学预科学院的实证研究

Value Choice for the Policy of Preparatory Education for Ethnic Minorities in Universities and Its Realization:Taking the Case of the Preparatory College of Minzu University of China

高等学校民族预科教育政策的价值选择表现为对教育不平等的矫正。围绕政策价值分析的3个基本向度展开,从价值选择、合法性、有效性3方面对预科教育政策作出价值分析,并结合中央民族大学预科教育学院的实际,指出政策价值的有效性较差,主要体现在:预料教育的考核不力,无法从教育质量上矫正不平等;生源地控制不严,矫正了群体不平等却忽视了个体不平等;奖、贷、助体系不完善,无法矫正经济资本不平衡带来的教育不平等等方面。要有效实现预科教育的政策价值,则必须建立全国统一的预科考核和评估制度,严格控制生源地,完善贷、奖、助体系。

The value choice for the policy of preparatory education for ethnic minorities in universities should embody the efforts to rectify the imbalance in education. Centered on value choice, legality and efficacy, the present paper makes a value analysis of the preparatory education policy and based on a case study of the Preparatory College of Minzu University of China, it reveals the low efficacy of the policy value, which is embodied in the following problems： failure in rectifying inequality in educational quality due to inadequacy in checking and accessing the preparatory education, neglecting individual inequality while rectifying mass inequality owing to loose control over the sources of students, and failure in correcting the educational inequality caused by the imbalance in financial resources due to the imperfect scholarship, loan and stipend system. In order to realize the value of the preparatory education policy, we should establish a unified nation-wide system for the assessment of preparatory education, exercise strict control over the sources of students and improve the scholarship, loan and stipend system.