深圳市福田区公共场所集中空调系统卫生状况分析

Analysis on Hygienic Status of Central Air - conditioning Ventilation Systems in Public Places in Futian District,Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市公共场所集中空调系统卫生状况,为卫生管理提供依据。方法对6家医院和6家旅店集中空调系统的卫生管理状况进行调查,按《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生管理办法》、《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》要求进行采样和检测。结果 12家单位共38套通风系统中送风空气PM10合格率为92.1%(35/38),细菌总数的合格率为83.7%(159/190),真菌总数合格率为89.5%(170/190),β-溶血性链球菌等致病菌均未检出;风管表面积尘量合格率为86.8%(33/38),细菌总数合格率为100%(276/276),真菌总数合格率为98.9%(273/276),致病菌均未检出;空调冷凝水嗜肺军团菌合格率为100%(29/29),空调冷却水嗜肺军团菌合格率为71.4%(25/35)。结论深圳市福田区公共场所集中空调通风系统送风空气有污染,冷却塔嗜肺军团菌检出率较高,已对人群健康构成一定威胁,应加大监督管理力度,加强集中空调通风系统各环节的清洁和消毒工作。

Objectives To understand the hygienic status of centralized ventilation system in public places of Futian District in Shenzhen, in order to provide supporting for hygienic management. Methods The management of central air-conditioning system in 6 hospitals and 6 hotels were investigated according to the requirements of the ＂Health regulations for central air-conditioning ventilation system in public places ＂ and ＂ Health norms for central air-conditioning ventilation system in public places＂ Results The qualified rate of PM10 in the blowing air from 38 ventilation system in 12 public places was 92. 1% （35/38） , the qualified rates of total bacteria counts and total fungi counts were 83.7% （159/190） and 89.5% （ 170 /190） , respectively. No β-hemolytic streptococcus and other pathogens were detected. The qualified rate of dust on the surface of blowpipe was 86.8% （33/38） ; total bacteria counts and total fungi counts were 100% （276/276） and 98.9% （273/276）, respectively, and no pathogen was detected. The qualified rate of Legionella pneumophila in condensed water was 100% （29/29） , and that in cooling water was 71.4% （25/35）. Conclusions The blowing air in some central air-conditioning ventilation system of public places in Futian District was polluted. The detected rate of Legionella pneumophila in water cooling towers was high, and it might be threatening to people ＂s health. Intensified supervision and management on cleaning and disinfecting various components of centralized air-conditioning ventilation system are necessary.