卢湾区公共场所从业人群嗜肺军团菌感染水平及认知行为调查

Epidemiological Investigation of Legionella Pneumophila Infection Level and Cognitive Behavior in Occupational Group in Public Places in Luwan District

目的了解公共场所从业人员嗜肺军团菌感染情况并调查其认知水平及行为特征,结合公共场所污染水平及特征,探讨公共场所集中空调通风系统军团菌病预防干预方法。方法搜集2009-2010年公共场所空气污染监测数据,分析场所空气污染情况。采取随机抽样方式,抽取冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性场所从业人群293人进行问卷调查和血清嗜肺军团菌抗体的测定。结果 2009-2010年卢湾区公共场所室内空气主要不合格指标为空气细菌总数、CO2和NH3。从业人员自觉症状发生率为30.4%;场所空气质量满意率54.6%;认知水平匮乏,73.4%从业人员认知正确率小于50%;采取不同的通风频率,自觉症状发生总频率评分差异均具有统计学意义(夏天P=0.049,冬天P=0.006);血清学检测军团菌阳性率23.38%,主要为米克型军团菌。结论军团菌感染现象已经较为普遍,应该从场所管理层面重视,加强场所卫生学管理,及时发现空调使用误区,加强场所新风供给,同时开展人群健康教育,改善人群健康、行为和认知水平。

Objectives To investigate the status of Legionella pneumophila （LP） infection in occupational group in public places, and study the preventing knowledge level and behavior of occupational group, to explore the method of Legionella pneumophila prevention and intervention. Methods The monitoring data of public places indoor air pollution from 2009 to 2010 were collected. Using stochastic sampling method, questionnaire survey and serum Lpl - 7 IgG antibody were detected among 293 working staff working in public places with positive LP in the cooling water of central air conditioning system. Results The main unqualified indicators of public places indoor air were total bacterial count, CO2 and NH3. Only 30.4% staffs feel uncomfortable. 54.6% staffs were satisfied with the quality of indoor air in public places. 73.4% staff＇s accuracy of the knowledge questionnaire were lower than 50%. The enhanced ventilation can decrease the incidence of uncomfortable feeling （ summer P = 0. 049, winter P =0. 006）. The Legionella pneumophila prevention positive rate was 23.38%, which the main type was micdadei. Conclusions Legionella pneumophila （LP） infection is common. Great attention should be paid on managing level, misusing of air-conditioning in time, and increasing fresh air supply. It is also important to carry out health education to improve people＇s health level, behavior and knowledge.