成都市公共场所集中空调通风系统可吸入颗粒物污染现状分析

Analysis on the Pollution of Inspirable Particulate Matter in Central Air Conditioning System of Public Places in Chengdu

目的了解成都市公共场所集中空调通风系统送风中可吸入颗粒物(PM10)污染现状,分析主要影响因素,探讨改善集中空调通风系统PM10污染状况的办法。方法对40家使用集中空调场所进行现场调查,检测通风系统送风中的PM10浓度。结果 40家场所中有9家合格,合格率为22%,集中空调经过清洗的场所PM10浓度比未经过清洗的场所低(t=4.528,P=0.001),但集中空调清洗和未清洗场所的合格率比较没有统计学意义(χ2=2.634,P=0.105)。结论集中空调管道内的清洁状况仅是送风中PM10的一项影响因素;集中空调通风系统送风中PM10浓度受外部环境影响很大,要改善集中空调通风系统PM10污染状况,集中空调使用单位应在新风口位置和集中空调设施做一些改进。

Objectives To understand the pollution of inspirable particulate matter （PM10） in central air conditioning ventilation system of public places in Chengdu, to find out the main influencing factors and investigate the ways of decreasing PM10 in the system. Methods Forty central air conditioning systems were surveyed and the PM10 in ventilated air was monitored. Results 9 of 40 systems were qualified （22%）. The concentration of PM10 in the ventilated air was significant decreased after being cleaned （t = 4. 528 ,P = 0. 001 ）, but there was no statistically significant difference on the qualified rate between the cleaned and non - cleaned systems （X2 = 2. 634, P = 0. 105 ）. Conclusions The cleanness of pipelines in central air conditioning system was only one of factors influencing the concentration of PM10 in the ventilated air, which was affected greatly by external environment. In order to decrease the pollution of PM10 in central air conditioning system, some measures should be taken to improve the facilities and new air outlets.