司法能动主义的中国化

Judicial Activism in China

在美国宪政语境下,能动主义的司法哲学要求法官超越法律的文本含义解释法律,以满足公民不断产生的权利诉求和适应社会转型的现实,但是,美国宪政结构中的固有悖论使美国司法哲学处于民主与法治二律背反的宪政困境中,很难简单评判司法能动和司法克制孰优孰劣。在中国语境下,传统的法律文化为实行司法能动提供充分的文化土壤,中国现有的法律解释体制具备实行司法能动主义的制度条件。目前,中国社会转型的现实国情也必然要求地方法院积极进行司法创新,探索能动主义的地方司法模式。因此,选择何种司法方式应从具体的实践逻辑出发探讨其功能正当性,而非从某个概念或理论出发探讨其逻辑应然性。

In American constitutional context, according to the philosophy of judicial activism, Judge should interpret the law with-out the limit of law text, in order to safeguard the people＇ s right and fit the development of society. However, the paradox in American constitutional structure makes judicial activism in the dilemma, so we should value the judicial activism in specific context. In China, we don＇ t confront the constitutional dilemma, and we have advantages of culture, system and society to achieve judicial activism.