北京市某社区空气细颗粒物个体暴露水平初步评价

Evaluation of Personal Integrated Exposure to Fine Particle in a Community in Beijing

目的初步评价北京市老年人群大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)的个体综合暴露水平。方法采用定组研究设计,于2007年7月—2008年8月分8个日期区段(周期)对北京市某社区的60名有心血管病既往病史的老年人进行室内外PM2.5质量浓度监测,并采用时间活动模式问卷收集时间活动数据,进行统计学分析。结果北京市某社区室外各周期PM2.5日均质量浓度为(85.5±48.7)μg/m3,室内PM2.5日均质量浓度为(110.5±77.5)μg/m3,均高于WHO空气质量标准。除第1周期外,其他周期每日室内活动时间比例均高于90%。研究期间个体综合暴露浓度为(113.3±79.0)μg/m3,与室内浓度变化一致;与室外浓度相比,夏季趋势一致,春冬季有较大不同。结论本次调查的北京市某社区老年人群PM2.5暴露水平较高;室内暴露水平与时间加权暴露水平相近,可用于研究健康效应。

Objective To evaluate personal integrated exposure level to PM2.5 for the aged people in Beijing. Methods Panel study design was employed. The level,s of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 were monitored from July, 2007 to August, 2008 for the subject persons, and the data of their time-activity pattern were collected by the questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used for data analysis. Results The d^fily mean concentrations of outdoor and indoor PM2.5 were （85.5±48.7）μg/m3 and （110.5±77.5）μg/m3 respectively, higher than WHO air quality standards. Indoor-activity-time of the other periods accounted for more than 90% except the first period. The average integrated level of personal exposure to PM2.5 was （113.3±79.0）μg/m3 for the aged subjects , closed to the indoor PM2.5 level and only had the same tendency as outdoor PM2.5 concentration in summer. Conclusion The exposure level to PM2.5 of the aged people in Beijing was relatively higher. Indoor PM2.5 level is approximate to integrated exposure level, which can be used as an indicator for the study of exposure and health effects.