儿童急性髓系白血病诊治研究进展

Diagnosis and treatment progress of children＇s acute myeloid leukemia

急性髓系白血病是由于造血多能：干细胞发生不同基因突变而导致的一组异质性克隆性疾病。该文综述了儿童急性髓系白血病分型、危险度分级、正在进行中的三期临床试验治疗结果和微小残留病管理。此外，还简述了新型化疗药物如吉姆单抗奥佐米星、柔红霉素脂质体、氯法拉滨、克拉屈滨和伊马替尼以及异基因造血干细胞移植在儿童急性髓系白血病中的应用。

Acute myeloid leukemia （AML） is a heterogeneous group of leukemias that arise from clonal transformation of hematopoietic precursors. This review summarizes classification of pediatric AML, more precise risk-group stratification, ongoing phase III studies and minimal residual disease monitoring. In addition, we discuss the opportunities for innovative chemothecapy drugs in refractory AML and relapsed AML, such as gemtuzumab ozogamicin, liposomal daunorubicin, clofarabine, cladribine and Imatinib. Finally, the roles of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric AML are also discussed.