锌对儿童腹泻的治疗价值与差异

Therapeutic value and heterogeneity of zinc supplementation for treating diarrhea in children

补锌可缩短腹泻的持续时间，降低腹泻冉发率及腹泻病死率，但补锌不能减少排便次数和粪便量。锌对6个月龄以下婴儿腹泻无治疗作用，并因腹泻病程、病原体、锌盐类型、补锌剂量不同而存在差异。锌与铁同补可降低效果，与维生素A或液盐同补有协同作用。基础血锌浓度高低对补锌效果无明显影响，现有锌剂的依从性欠佳。病程较长、单独补锌、营养不良、母乳喂养的腹泻儿童服锌后较易出现呕吐。

Zinc supplementation can reduce the mean duration, the recurrence rate and mortality of diarrhea. Nonetheless, it has no effeet on stool frequency or stool output. Zinc supplementation results in different effort for the difference of the duration of diarrhea, pathogens, zinc type and doses of zine, and shows no effect in infants younger than 6 months. Using iron as a co-intervention can reduee the effect of zinc, but vitamin A or ORS have a synergistic effect with the meeting. Average baseline zinc levels did not contribute to variations in the effect size. Zinc supplements are unlikely to improve compliance with the treatment for diarrheal disease. Longer course, zinc alone, malnutrition, diarrhea, breast-feeding children are prone to vomiting after oral administration of zinc.