间充质干细胞向上皮细胞的诱导分化及应用研究进展

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into epithelium and application

间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell，MSC）在体内外可被诱导分化为多种上皮细胞，如肺泡上皮、肾小管上皮和角膜上皮细胞等，表达上皮细胞特异性标志。MSC回输体内后，可有效修复损伤的怖上皮细胞组织，缓解炎症损伤，减轻肾小管细胞损伤、减少肾间质炎症细胞浸润，促进肾小管上皮细胞再生，并抑制细胞凋亡；也可在载体上利用MSC构建生物角膜，进行眼表修复，MSC本身还能表达角化生长因子等多种因子促进角膜缘干细胞增殖。另外，MSC还可以向胰腺导管上皮细胞、子宫内膜七皮细胞、牛精上皮细胞、人视网膜色素上皮细胞等分化。MSC在临床治疗上皮细胞损伤类疾病中展现出其巨大的应用潜能，为上皮类疾病的治疗提供了新的方法。

Mesenehymal stem cells （ MSC ） is able to differentiate into a variety of epithelial cells, such as alveolar epithelium, tubular epithelium and corneal epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro under the given condition. After transfusion, MSC can effectively repair the injured lung epithelial cells, and relieve inflammation. MSC can also repair the renal tubular cell damage by reducing renal interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, promoting regeneration of renal tubular epithelial cells and inhibiting of apoptosis; Biological cornea can be available constructed by using MSC, which can availably repair the injured ocular surface. In the other hands, MSC can express keratinocyte growth factors and other eytokines, promoting limbal stem cell proliferation. In addition, MSC can also differentiate into pancreatic duetal epithelial cells, endometrial epithelial cells, spermatogenic epithelium and human retinal pigment epithelium. MSC has great application potential in epithelial diseases, and provide a good and eftective choice in treatment of some epithelial diseases.