18世纪末到20世纪中叶苗族从贵州等地向滇东南和中印半岛北部的迁徙

The Migration of Miao(Hmong) People from Guizhou to the Southeast Yunnan and the North of the Mainland Southeast Asia from the End of the 18th Century to the Mid-20th Century

18世纪末以后,苗族开始从贵州等地向滇东南和中印半岛北部大量迁徙,这种迁徙既有因战乱如乾嘉苗族起事、"咸同变乱"而引起的短时期内的较大规模迁徙,也有因经济因素如玉米的引进和推广、寻找可耕地等引发的自发零散但却持续不断的迁徙。经过一个半多世纪的持续迁徙,到20世纪中叶时,苗族最终成为滇东南和中印半岛北部分布范围非常广阔、人口众多的民族。

After the late 18th and the early 19th century, Miao （Hmong） people began massed migrating from Guizhou province and other places to the southeast Yunnan and the north of the Mainland Southeast Asia. This migration occurs not only in large-scale in a short time because of the war such as the Qian-jia and Xian-Tong turbulence, but also spontaneously, sporadically but continually because of economic factors, such as the introduction and promotion of corn and search of arable land. After one and a half centuries continued migration, till the mid-20th century, the Miao （Hmong） people eventually become a broad distribution and a large population ethnic minority in these areas.