困蕃之策:中唐名臣李泌的边疆战略

The Strategy to Control Tubo:The Famous Feudal Official Limi's Borderland Tactics in the Middle of the Tang Dynasty

唐肃宗、代宗、德宗三朝时期,吐蕃为边疆的首患。谋略家李泌在动荡的局势下提出了使吐蕃"自困"为目的的"困蕃之策",对唐朝西北、北部、西南和东南进行了分层级的把握,迅速扭转了唐蕃战争中唐朝被动挨打的局面,延缓了中唐的统治,为宪宗时期的元和中兴奠定了基础。然而"困蕃之策"对西北的把握不足,经济策略陷入困顿,对南诏的掠夺倾向认识不够,策略的成功施行有赖于吐蕃势力衰落的影响,属于救急的"时政"。

Tubo was the greatest threat in Tang Suzong, Daizong and Dez0ng periods. Limi, as a politician, put forward the strategy to Control Tibet, which aimed at self-trap. The central power controlled the northwest, north, southwest and southeast areas of Tang from different levels, which reversed Tang＇s situation of being hit in Tang-Tibet wars rapidly, prolonged the domination of Tang, and laid a good foundation for YuanHe revival in Tang Xianzong period. However, the strategy to control Tibet had a defect of consideration for northwest area, and the economy tactics failed to execute effectively. Nanzhao＇s plunder was not taken into account and the successful implement of the strategy rested on Tibet＇s decay. Thus the strategy to control Tubo was only a policy just meeting an urgent need.