呼伦贝尔草原异质生境羊草有性生殖及其生物量分配的研究

Sexual reproduction and biomass allocation of Leymus chinensis in Hulunber Steppe

在呼伦贝尔草原典型草原的栗钙土围栏草地、草甸草原暗栗钙土围栏草地和草甸草原暗栗钙土割草地等3个异质生境对羊草的有性生殖特征和生物量分配进行研究。结果表明,各个生境羊草生殖分蘖株的有性生殖和生物量分配的指标在一定范围变化,变异系数为8.234%～84.237%。典型草原栗钙土围栏场羊草生殖分配Ⅰ小于草甸草原暗栗钙土围栏场,但生殖分配Ⅱ和生殖分配Ⅲ均大于草甸草原暗栗钙土围栏场,而草甸草原暗栗钙土围栏场羊草的生殖分配Ⅰ、生殖分配Ⅱ和生殖分配Ⅲ均大于草甸草原暗栗钙土割草地。多重比较分析表明,羊草有性生殖特性和生物量分配比率等指标在各个生境之间差异显著。相关分析表明羊草生殖分蘖株的生殖分配Ⅰ与茎和鞘的生物量分配率之间达到显著或极显著的负相关关系。不同生境土壤条件的羊草有性生殖和生物量分配产生可塑性变化。同时,在资源有限的条件下,生殖分蘖株对营养器官和生殖器官的资源投入采取了相互制约的调节策略。

Sexual reproduction and biomass allocation of Leymus chinensis were studied under chestnut soil of typical steppe with fence,dark chestnut soil of meadow steppe with fence and dark chestnut soil of cutting meadow steppe in Hulunber Steppe.The results showed that indices of sexual reproduction and biomass allocation were changed at a certain range.Differentiation coefficients of these indices were 8.234~84.237%.Reproductive allocationⅠof L.chinensis under chestnut soil of typical steppe with fence was less than that under dark chestnut soil of meadow steppe with fence,but reproductive allocationⅡ and reproductive allocation Ⅲ were more than those under dark chestnut soil of meadow steppe with stockyard.Reproductive allocationⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ of L.chinensis under dark chestnut soil habitat of meadow steppe with fence were more than those under dark chestnut soil of cutting meadow steppe.Multiple comparison analysis indicated that characteristics of sexual reproduction and ratio of biomass allocation among three habitats were significant difference.Relationship analysis indicated that ratio of biomass allocation between spike and stem,sheath were significantly negatively correlative.Sexual reproduction and biomass allocation of L.chinensis in difference soil habitats had plasticity.At the same time,reproductive tiller of L.chinensis restricted resource allocation between nutrition and reproduction apparatuses when resource was limited.