民间文学艺术“特别权利”的构建——以民间音乐为例

Construction of sui generis systems in the use of folklore——Case study of folk music

现代化语境下的民间文学艺术,因立法缺位和人们传统道德观念的缺失,其商业化使用中已出现诸多滥用情形,创作、维系、传承和发展民间文学艺术的"原生境内"人民的权利因此难以得到充分保障。以国家笼统地作为民间文学艺术权利主体会遭遇法律程序的制度障碍并产生消极的社会效果。我国应当以私法为主、公法为辅,充分借鉴保护"地理标志"的经验,构建新型的民间文学艺术"特别权利"保护机制。

In commercial use of folk music in modern context, there are many misuse cases because of poor legislation and absence of traditional moral concepts. As a result, the rights of folk music owners in creating, main- taining, inheriting and developing folk music have not been guaranteed. Presently, there are several system barriers of legal proceeding and some negative social influences when our country serves as the only folk music＇s owner. Our authorities may adopt the measures of civil law and public law, and construct sui generis right systems by drawing on experience of protecting Geographical Indication.