煤矿井下紧急避险系统模型构建

Underground mine emergency refuge system model construction

针对煤矿井下安全避险体系建设难题,采用归纳与对比方法,研究产煤发达国家紧急避险理论和典型案例。结合国内煤矿安全防护体系现状,分析紧急避险系统建设存在的主要问题,提出系统建设需解决的关键难题:安全避险理念确立、系统建设立法保障、紧急避险标准制定及布置原则等。依据现代事故致因理论和方法,设计了基于"人-物-管理"层面紧急避险体系结构模型。基于脆弱性观点和海因里希因果连锁理论,构建了以避险系统为基础的"多米诺"安防救援新模型。紧急避险体系结构与安防救援模型提供了解决系统建设难题的方法,可为完善煤矿井下紧急避险系统建设提供支持。

For the imperfect system of safety refuge in underground mine, induction and comparison were used to research emergency refuge theory and typical rescue cases in coal producing developed countries. Combined with status quo of mine safety protection system in China, main issues in the system construction were analyzed, the key problems to be solved in the system construction of emergency refuge were listed as followings：establishment of the safety refuge concept, legislative protection on system construction, emergency standard setting and deployment principles. ＂ Person-matter-management＂ model of emergency refuge system based on modern accident cause theory and methods was designed. On the ideas of vulnerability and Heinrich causal chain theory, a new ＂domino＂ model for security rescue based on the emergency refuge system was built. Structure of emergency refuge system and security rescue model could provide measures of solving difficulties of system building and support the construction of coal mine emergency refuge system.