老年肾上腺疾病诊断和治疗

Diagnosis and treatment for adrenal diseases in the elderly

随着年龄的增加,肾上腺皮质增生和肾上腺意外瘤的患病率升高,其中良性无功能的肾上腺瘤占绝大部分,而有功能的能够分泌激素的肾上腺瘤或增生如原发性醛固酮增多症、库欣综合征、嗜铬细胞瘤等在老年人中较为少见。老年肾上腺疾病由于发病隐匿,临床表现不典型,又加之发病率低,在临床上容易漏诊和误诊,文章通过对老年肾上腺疾病诊断和治疗的阐述,提高对这些疾病的认识和诊治水平。

Summary：The prevalence of adrenal cortical hyperplasia and adrenal incidentaloma increases as aging. Benign non-functioning adrenal tumors account for the majority of these disorders,while functional adrenal tumors or hyperplasia secreting hormones （such as primary aldosteronism, Cushing＇s syndrome and pheochromocytoma） are rare in older adults. Underdiagnosis and misdiagnose of adrenal diseases in the elderly are common because of nonspecific clinical manifestations and low incidence. This paper illustrates the diagnosis and treatment for adrenal disease in the elderly patients for a better understanding of the disease.