新疆甜瓜地方品种资源蔓枯病抗性鉴定

Identification of Resistance to Gummy Stem Blight on Melon Landraces in Xinjiang

【目的】蔓枯病是危害甜瓜的一种重要病害,鉴定抗病种质资源并选育抗病品种,为防治蔓枯病提供有效措施。【方法】利用苗期人工接种方法,对140份新疆甜瓜地方品种资源进行蔓枯病抗病性筛选鉴定。【结果】第一次调查病害时,黄旦子等53个地方品种在叶部症状表现抗病,除红肉阿克拉瓦提外所有地方品种在茎部症状表现高抗;第二次调查结果显示,所有地方品种在叶部症状表现感病,但秋黄皮白肉可口奇等5个地方品种在叶部症状较轻,秋黄皮白肉可口奇等6个地方品种在茎部症状表现抗病;蔓枯病在甜瓜植株的叶部症状和茎部症状呈正相关,发病后期相关指数达0.88。【结论】甜瓜蔓枯病在叶部的症状出现较早,病害程度较严重,但叶部和茎部症状相关性显著。地方品种秋黄皮白肉可口奇高抗蔓枯病,卡拉克赛、炮台红、哈密加格达、塔城冬甜瓜和白兰瓜5个地方品种对蔓枯病具有一定的抗病性。

[ Objective] Gummy stem blight （GSB） is an important disease in melons. Identification of germplasm and breeding of melon resistance to GSB are the most effective way to control GSB disease in the field. [ Method] In this study, 140 melon landraces in Xinjiang Region were screened for resistance to GSB by the way of inoculation on seedlings. [ Result ] After the first investigation of resistance to GSB, 53 landraces including ＇ Huangdanzi ＇ were resistant to GSB on leaf symptom, and all landraces except ＇ Hongrouakelawati ＇ were highly resistant to stem symptom. After the second investigation, all landraces were susceptible to GSB but 5 landraces except ＇ Qiuhuangpi bairou kekouqi ＇ were tolerant to leaf symptom, and 6 landraces including ＇ Qiuhuangpi bairou kekouqi ＇ were resistant to stem symptom. Resistant symptom on leaf and stem of melon was positively correlated, and correlation coefficient was 0.88. [ Conclusion ] Resistant symptom on leaf to GSB was displayed earlier and more heavily than that on stem, but there was notable significance in relationship between symptom on leaf and stem to GSB. ＇ Qinhuangpi bairou kekouqi＇ was highly resistant to GSB, and ＇ Kalakesai＇ , ＇ Paotaihong＇ , ＇ Hami jiageda＇ , ＇ Tacheng dongtiangua＇ and ＇ Bailangua＇ were resistant to GSB.