开都河-孔雀河流域水资源需求分析

The Demand Analysis of Water Resources in Kaidu River--Kongque River Drainage Basin

【目的】分析开都河-孔雀河流域近21年来不同地区和部门的需水量,同时对水资源供需状况进行探讨。【方法】基于开都河-孔雀河流域1989～2009年社会经济数据,采用定额法。【结果】(1)研究期内,流域总需水量及生活、农业、第二三产业、城镇绿化四部门的需水量均呈明显的增加趋势,其中农业需水量和总需水量变化趋势较为一致;(2)农业灌溉需水量占总需水量的比例高达90%以上,是流域内主要的需水方式,其增减主导着流域总需水量的变化;(3)库尔勒市是流域的经济中心,第二、三产业和城镇绿化需水量均占到整个流域同类需水量的80%以上;(4)自2007年始,流域出现缺水现象,2007、2008和2009年缺水率分别为7.08%、13.36%、19.50%,水资源供需矛盾凸显。【结论】针对流域水资源供需现状,提出相关建议,希望能为流域水资源的可持续利用和社会经济的稳定发展提供科技支撑。

[ Objective ] The paper analyzed the water demand of different regions and sectors in the past 21 years, and at the same time explored the supply and demand condition of the water resources. [Method] The fixed method was applied in the study that was based on the social and economic data of the Kaidu River -Kongque River Drainage Basin during the years from 1989 -2009. [ Result] （1） During the research period, an obvious increasing trend for water demand of the four sectors： the urban greening, secondary industry, tertiary industry and, agriculture was shown. The water demand for agriculture was more consistent with the total water demand; （2） Agricultural irrigation water demand accounted for above 90% of the total and it is the major demand approach within the river drainage basin. It was found that the change in total water demand was dominated by the increase or decrease of the River Basin; （3） Korla City is the economic center of the River Basin. The water demand of secondary, tertiary industry and urban greening accounted for above 80% of the whole river basin; （4） Since the beginning of 2007, the water shortage was obviously displayed and in 2007, 2008 and 2009, the water - lacking rate were 7.08% , 13.36% and 19.50% respectively, so the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources came to protrude. [ Conclusion ] In the end, in view of the current situation of supply and demand of water resources, three suggestions were put forward in the hope of providing scientific and technical support for sustainable utilization of water resources and stable development in society and economy.