社区考古学:文化遗产管理还是考古学研究

Community Archaeology:Cultural Heritage Management or Archaeological Research

社区考古学反映了一种全新的文化遗产管理和考古学研究的思路,其实践仍然具有草创性、不平衡性和多元性。社区考古学是作为让本土社会获得考古学权力的工作方式,以权力让渡为核心,主要涉及发掘权、阐释权、教育权和商业开发权。社区考古学理念确立了社区在文化遗产管理的主体观念,廓清了中国的生态博物馆运动对生态观念和文化保护与经济发展的关系的误解。在考古学研究上,社区考古学是情境考古学的表现形式,将通过采取不同的视角揭示传统考古学研究所无法触及的问题。

Community archaeology provides a new perspective on cultural heritage management and arc-haeological research.Its practice worldwide,however,is still underdeveloped and unbalanced,varying from region to region.Community archaeology empowers the local community to control archaeological activities,the focus of which is the transfer of right and power of archaeology in excavation,public presentation,education and merchandising.Community archaeology identifies the local community as the subject of cultural heritage management,and clarified the misunderstandings concerning the concept of ecology and the relationship be-tween cultural preservation and economic development in the ecomuseum movement in China.In terms of arc-haeological research,community archaeology,as a form of contextual archaeology,reveals issues beyond the reach of traditional archaeology by adopting a different perspective.