墨西哥革命:从官方史学到修正派史学

The Mexican Revolution:From Official Historiography to Revisionism

墨西哥革命史学思潮的发展趋势与革命后墨西哥经济、政治、思想和学术潮流的变化密不可分。革命期间到20世纪30年代,各革命派系皆站在自身的立场上评价墨西哥革命;30年代后,为了促进国家的统一,在墨西哥政府和执政党的直接倡导和参与下,创立了墨西哥革命的官方史学;四五十年代后,特别是1968年特拉特洛尔科事件后,随着墨西哥经济增长和政治稳定"奇迹"的终结,以及国内历史学科的发展和国际学术交流的影响,产生了修正派史学。然而,80年代以后,修正派史学在某些方面也受到一定的质疑。

The evolutionary trend of the historical thought on the Mexican revolution has been closely related to the change of the economic, political and academic current in the post - revolutionary time. Between the period of the revolution and the 1930s, different revolutionary factions put forward their own opinions about the revolution based on respective standpoints. After 1930s, directed and participated by the government as well as the party in power, the official history was established to promote the integration of the country. Since 1940s and 1950s, especially after the incident of Tlatelolco Plaza, along with the end of the ＂miracle＂ of economic growth and political stability in Mexico, as well as affected by the development of history science in Mexico and the international academic exchange, the revisionism in the field of the history of the Mexican revolution came into being. However, the revisionism has also been partly challenged since 1980s.