兰州市388例学龄前儿童指血铅、钙、镁、锌、铜、铁浓度分析

Analysis of concentrations of lead,calcium,magnesium,zinc,copper and iron in fingertip blood of 388 preschool children in Lanzhou

目的:了解兰州市3～6岁学龄前儿童的血中铅、钙、镁、锌、铜、铁6种矿物元素的水平,为预防儿童矿物元素缺乏和铅中毒、促进儿童健康发育提供参考依据。方法:在兰州市城区随机选择4所幼儿园共388名儿童,采指尖血80μl,测钙、镁、锌、铜、铁、铅浓度。结果:男孩的血铅、铜、铁均高于女孩,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。锌缺乏率最高,为38.92%。总的铅中毒率为12.63%,但3岁组最高,达到28.57%。铅中毒儿童的钙、镁水平明显低于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:兰州市3～6岁儿童微量元素缺乏以缺锌为主,铅中毒率较高。儿童缺钙易导致铅中毒,反之,血铅水平较高也影响钙的吸收。防止儿童缺钙是预防儿童铅中毒的重要措施之一。

Objective：To know the levels of lead,calcium,magnesium,zinc,copper and iron in fingertip blood of the children aged 3~6 in Lanzhou,so that to provide some reference for preventing children mineral element deficiency and lead poisoning,and promoting children health development.Methods：388 children of 4 kindergartens in Lanzhou were choose,80μl fingertip peripheral blood were collected from each children and the level of calcium,magnesium,zinc,copper,iron and lead were detected.Results：The levels of lead,copper and iron of boies were higher than those of girls,the differences were significant（P0.05）.The deficiency rate of zinc in fingertip blood for boys was the highest（38.92%）,while the rate of lead poisoning was 12.63%,but 3-year-old group was the highest（28.57%）.The levels of calcium and magnesium in lead poisoning children were significantly lower than unimpaired children,the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion：Zinc-deficiency is mainly and the rate of lead poisoning is higher for the children aged 3~6 in Lanzhou.Calcium deficiency lead easily to lead poisoning for children.higher level of blood lead also effects the absorption of calcium.It is one of the important measures of preventing childhood lead poisoning to prevent child calcium deficiency.