上颌前牙缺失常规种植修复的临床美学评价

Clinical aesthetic evaluation of routine implantation restoration in maxillary anterior teeth

目的对上颌前牙缺失种植修复后的美学效果进行评价。方法对2005年1月至2006年12月中国医科大学口腔医学院种植中心门诊收治的43例上颌前牙单颗缺失的患者,根据缺牙区骨的不同形态采用不同方式的骨增量技术,同期植入种植体,6～8个月完成上部结构修复。术后随访时间8～30个月(平均16个月)。结果种植修复后,牙龈乳头形态良好,临床效果满意率达97.68%。X线片显示:种植体周围无透光区,牙槽嵴顶端垂直骨吸收小于1mm。结论上颌前牙缺失后牙槽骨形态大致可分为4种类型,即:平坦型、中部凹陷型、缓坡型和不规则型。种植体植入时可根据不同类型采取不同的骨增量技术,但绝大多数前牙缺失的病例在种植外科手术的同时,均需采用引导骨再生技术恢复牙槽骨的骨量及丰满度,以达到美学效果。

Objective To evaluate the aesthetic results of implantation restoration in maxillary anterior teeth.Methods 43 patients with maxillary anterior teeth missing were treated with different bone augmentation techniques and instant implantation in our center of implant dentistry.The superstrutures were finished after 6～8 months and followed for 8～30 months(average16 months).Results After implantation,the shapes of gingival papilla were good and the clinical satisfication rate was 96.5%.X-ray showed that there were no radio-lucent zone around the implants and the vertical absorbance of alveolar crest were less than 1 mm.Conclusion The shape of alveolar bone in missing area of maxillary anterior teeth could be divided into 4 types:flat,concave,slope and irregular.Different techniques of bone augmentation could be applied during implantation.But most of patients need GTR combined with other implant surgery to recover the amount and fullness of alveolar bone in order to achieve aesthetic effect.