美国实用主义思想产生的历史条件——威廉·詹姆斯实用主义思想成因

On the Causes of the Forming of William James' Pragmatism Thought

实用主义思想出现后,在美国和世界上产生了广泛的影响。作为实用主义的创始人之一,威廉·詹姆斯对实用主义进行了创造性的阐述,为其发展作出了重要贡献。"行而上学俱乐部"的成果、欧洲社会思潮的影响、美国历史上形成的民族精神、镀金时代的社会背景,以及詹姆斯的个人经历等,是实用主义思想最终形成的主要原因。

Pragmatism thought has made an important influence on the United States and the world since it came into being. As one of the founders of pragmatism, William James carried on the creative elaboration to the pragmatism and made an important contribution to the development of it. The forming of William James pragmatism thought deeply rooted in the history of the United States. This article analyzed the reasons of William James' pragmatism thought forming from several aspects, suchas the contribution of 'Metaphysics Club', the impact of the European social ideas, historical reasons of the United States, social background of Gilded Age, William James' life experiences and others.