现代化的悖论:对沙特资源依附型经济的反思

Antinomy of Modernization: Reflecting on Resource-based Economy of Saudi Arabia

沙特的现代化以一种高度依赖石油的依附型经济为主要特征。依附型经济是沙特在各种现代化因素发育不充分的条件下被国际石油市场变化推动的结果。它的主要特征是石油部门在国民经济中居于主导地位,非石油部门比较弱小并依靠来源于石油收入的资金得以发展。这种模式突出国家在经济中的作用而忽视市场调节,是沙特经济长期起伏不定和发展缓慢的根本原因。其本身充满悖论,反映了发展与资源之间的深刻矛盾。而沙特未来现代化成败的关键在于对这种模式的改革。

Saudi Arabian modernization is characteristic of resource-based economy highly depending on oil, which is the result of promotion of international oil market. Its main character is that the petroleum sector occupies the leading status, while the non-oil sector is very puny and depends on the capital from oil revenue. This mode gives prominence to the government's role on economy but neglects the market regulation which is the root of economic instability and slow development in Saudi. It is full of antinomy and reflects the profound contradiction between development and resource. And the key of the success of modernization of Saudi is the reform of the mode in the future.